Which mode of thinking is described as automatic and effortless?

The mode of thinking that is characterized as automatic and effortless is System 1. This concept, introduced by psychologist Daniel Kahneman, refers to the intuitive and fast thinking process that operates with little to no voluntary control. System 1 thinking often comes into play when we rely on instincts, make quick judgments, or respond to stimuli without deep analysis. For example, recognizing a face, understanding simple instructions, or completing routine tasks often occurs through System 1 thinking, which allows individuals to navigate their environment swiftly and efficiently.

In contrast, the other concepts pertain to different modes of thinking. System 2 refers to a more deliberate, analytical, and slower cognitive process that requires conscious effort. Static thinking and reflective thinking also differ in that they typically describe more structured or thoughtful approaches rather than the instinctual reactions that define System 1. Therefore, System 1 stands out as the best answer for describing a thinking process that is automatic and effortless.